植保专业英语课程教学大纲

发布者:石书兵发布时间:2020-03-04浏览次数:701

一、基本概况

课程名称:植保专业英语(Professional English for Plant Protection)

课程代码:231080038

课程类别:拓展教育

学时/学分:34/2(理论34学时,实验0学时)

需预修课程:普通昆虫学、植物病理学、植物化学保护

适用专业:适用植物保护、动植物检疫专业的本科教学

课程简介:

本门课程主要侧重介绍植物保护的基础知识,包括植物病原真菌、细菌、线虫、病毒以;昆虫的种类和形态、繁殖方式和传播方式、危害特点、防治方法;农药毒理、农药残留、环境安全与人类健康。本课程旨在使植物保护专业学生能够熟练阅读和理解专业英文文献、资料和书籍,以掌握国外本专业领域的发展前沿,并具备应用英语从事科研活动及进行科技交流的能力。

二、教学目标

学生通过本课程的学习,在知识和能力等方面达到以下要求:

1.理论、知识目标:通过英语讲授及幻灯教学相结合的方法,要求学生掌握植物病理学、昆虫学、农药学、杂草控制、综合防治等植物保护方面专业英语词汇、句法、修辞、特点;

2.能力目标:培养学生专业英语翻译能力、阅读理解文献能力、科技英文写作能力、科技英文交流能力以及科技英文文献检索能力。

3.达成目标:本课程主要与专业人才培养方案中毕业要求的第8条相对应,本课程对应人才培养方案中毕业要求的专业知识、专业技能、协作能力和创新性思维,全面培养植物保护专业学生专业英语的听、说、读、写、译等各方面能力

三、教学内容及教学要求

第一章专业英语概述(讲课1学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. 词汇:构词方式多样,专业技术词汇出现频率低、词义专一,多源于希腊语和拉丁语,涉及领域广;

2. 句法特点:被动语态广泛使用,长句较多,大量使用名词化结构和非谓语动词形式;

3. 修辞:时态应用有限,修辞手法比较简单,普遍使用逻辑性语法词。

教学要求:

掌握专业英语词汇、句法、修辞的原则和规律。

本章重点、难点:专业词汇构词的派生法、合成法、混成法、缩略法;专业词汇的出现频率低、词义专一;植物保护专业英语涉及化学、物理、遗传学、分子生物学等学科知识和科技词汇;被动语态、长句及名词化结构非谓语动词形式的应用。

第二章 专业英语翻译(讲课1学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. 翻译标准:信,达,雅;

2. 词语翻译:词义的选择,词义的引申与增减;

3. 句子的翻译:被动语态的翻译,否定句的翻译,长句的翻译。

教学要求:

掌握专业英语的翻译标准,熟练应用词语翻译方法,熟练应用句子不同情况的翻译方法。

本章重点、难点:词义翻译的选择、引申与增减;被动语态句子译成主动句、译成无主句、译成被动句;否定句中的全部否定、部分否定和双重否定;长句翻译的主从句区分。

第三章 Plant Disease and Plant Disease Epidemiology(讲课1学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Introduction;

2. Plant Pathology;

3. Plant pathology is an integrative science and profession.

教学要求:

掌握专业英语的翻译标准,熟练应用词语翻译方法,熟练应用句子不同情况的翻译方法。

本章重点、难点:词义翻译的选择、引申与增减;被动语态句子译成主动句、译成无主句、译成被动句;否定句中的全部否定、部分否定和双重否定;长句翻译的主从句区分。

第四章 Classification of Plant Diseases(讲课2学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Infectious, or biotic, plant diseases;

(1) Diseases caused by fungi;

(2) Diseases caused by prokaryotes (bacteria and mycoplasmas);

(3) Diseases caused by parasitic higher plants;

(4) Diseases caused by viruses and viroids;

(5) Diseases caused by nematodes;

(6) Diseases caused by protozoa;

2. Noninfectious, or abiotic, diseases are diseases caused by:

(1) Too low or too high a temperature;

(2) Lack or excess of soil moisture;

(3) Lack or excess of light;

(4) Lack of oxygen;

(5) Air pollution;

(6) Nutrient deficiencies;

(7) Mineral toxicities;

(8) Soil acidity or alkalinity;

(9) Toxicity of pesticides;

(10) Improper cultural.

教学要求:

1. Infectious, or biotic, plant diseases;

2. Noninfectious, or abiotic, diseases.

本章重点、难点:

1. What are the infectious disease?

2. What are the noninfectious disease?

第五章 Plant Diseases Caused by Fungi(讲课1学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Fungal morphology;

2. Fungal definition;

3. Reproduction(sexual and asexual reproduction);

4. Homothallic, heterothallic ,hermaphroditic fungi;

5. Deuteromycetes, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes, zygomycetes, mastigomycetes.

教学要求:

1. Fungal definition;

2. Reproduction (sexual and asexual reproduction);

3. Homothallic, heterothallic, hermaphroditic fungi;

4. Deuteromycetes, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes, zygomycetes, mastigomycetes.

本章重点、难点:

1. Fungal definition;

2. Reproduction (sexual and asexual reproduction);

3. Homothallic, heterothallic, hermaphroditic fungi.

第六章 Plant Diseases Caused by Prokaryotes(讲课1学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Introduction to prokaryotes;

2. Classification of prokaryotes;

3. Kingdom: Prokaryote: Organisms with genetic material (DNA) not organized into a nucleus, i.e., not surrounded by a membrane. Bacteria: Have cell membrane and cell wall.PartI: Gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci.PartII: Gram-negative facultative anaerobic rods.PartIII: Irregular, Gram-positive, nonsporingrods.PartIV: Actinomycetes: Bacteria forming branching filaments.PartV: Mollicutes: Prokaryotes that have a cell membrane but no cell wall.

4. Plant diseases caused by bacteria;

5. Morphology;

6. Plant diseases caused by mycoplamalike organisms.

教学要求:

1. Mycoplasmalike organisms(MLO), rickettsialike organisms, spiroplasma;

2. Morphology of prokaryotes;

3. Diseases caused by prokaryotes;

4. Classification of prokaryotes.

本章重点、难点:

1. How many genera is prokaryotes classified?

2. Can prokaryotes be cultured?

第七章 Plant Diseases Caused by Viruses(讲课1学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Introduction to viruses;

2. Constituents of virus;

3. Disrupting action of virus to host cell;

4. Characteristics of plant viruses;

5. Detection;

6. Satellite viruses, viroids, virusoids, and satellite RNAs;

7. Specific crop diseases by viruses.

教学要求:

1. Morphology of virus;

2. Multiplication;

3. Classification;

4. Detection;

本章重点、难点:

1. What shape does virus show?

2. How does virus multiply?

3. How are viruses classified?

第八章 Plant Diseases Caused by Nematodes(讲课1学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Introduction;

2. Morphology;

3. Anatomy;

4. Life cycles;

5. Ecology and spread.

教学要求:

1. Esophagus, intestine, rectum, anus, styletoviduct, uterus, vulva, testis, seminal vesicle,intestine. copulatory spicules, hermaphroditic, or parthenogenetic.

2. All nematodes have four larval stages.

3. Family Aphelenchoididae, Bursaphelenchus, Rhadinaphelenchus, root-knot nematodes: Meloidogyne.

本章重点、难点:

1. What stage does the nematode begin to penetrate plant?

2. What characteristics do Bursaphelenchus, Rhadinaphelenchus and Meloidogyne have?

第九章 Plant Disease Diagnosis - Final Diagnosis(讲课1学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Plant disease diagnosis;

(1) Be able to identify a disease and disease-causing agent;

(2) Be able to narrow the problem down to several possibilities that will require further study in the laboratory before he can make a final diagnosis;

(3) Be completely baffled by the problem.

2. Final diagnosis;

(1) Hypothesis and multiple iteration;

(2) Fungal leaf spots;

(3) Bacterial leaf spots;

(4) Vein banding;

(5) Mosaic and ringspot;

(6) Leaf distortion;

(7) Powdery mildew;

(8) Presence of spores/spore structures;

(9) Leaf or needle tip death;

(10) Soil or chemical injury;

(11) Wilts;

(12) Shoot dieback(顶枯) or blights;

(13) Dying branches of trees and shrubs;

(14) Death of tree and shrub top;

(15) Overall stunting or decline;

(16) Damping-off.

教学要求:

Hypothesis, iteration, symptom(general and special), sign(pathogenic structure).

本章重点、难点:

1. How do you diagnose plant diseases?

2. Illustrate the difference between infectious and uninfectious diseases.

第十章 Rice Blast & Wheat Rusts & Cotton Verticillium Wilt& Potato Virus Disease(讲课4学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Introduction;

2. Signs and Symptoms;

3. Pathogen;

4. Host range;

5. Mechanism of Damage and Life Cycle.

教学要求:

1. Signs and Symptoms;

2. Pathogen: Classification, Genome Sequence, Database;

3. Mechanism of Damage and Life Cycle.

本章重点、难点:

1.单词与词组;

2. What are the life cycle of the pathogen?

第十一章 Introduction of Special English for Entomology(讲课2学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1.Definition of the insecta (hexapoda);

2. Insect and Man.

教学要求:

1. Thecharacteristics of arthropods;

2. The relationship between insect and man.

本章重点、难点:

Insect Stucture.

第十二章 Taxonomy of Insects(讲课2学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Nomnclature.

2. Classification.

教学要求:

Nomnclature of insects, classification of animals.

本章重点、难点:

Classification of animals

第十三章 Structure of Insect(讲课2学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Head;

2. Thorax and associated structure;

3. Abdomen and Associated structures;

4. The Integument;

教学要求:

Head;Thorax and Associated Structure ;Abdomen and Associated Structures;The Integument.

本章重点、难点:

Mouthparts modifications.

第十四章 Insect Growth(讲课1学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Maturation and oviposition;

2. Postembryonic development.

教学要求:

1. Oviposition is an extremely important phase in an insect's life history;

2. The external appearance of insect eggs is extremely diverse;

3. The number of eggs produced by females of different species is extremely variable.

本章重点、难点:

Classification of insects.

第十五章 Insectand Their Environment(讲课1学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1.Definition;

2. Species diversity and numerical abundance of insects;

3. Environmental Conditions;

4. Environmental Conditions in a Crop Field.

教学要求:

1. Definition of ecology;

2. Physicochemical factors;

3. Biotic factors;

4. Food factors;

5. Intraspecific factors;

6. Interspecific factors;

7. Life processes of insects.

本章重点难点:

Exercise 5:Insect pests management.

第十六章 Pest Management(讲课2学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Introduction;

2. Bological control;

3. Cultural control;

4. Chemical control;

5. Integrated Pest Management (IPM).

教学要求:

1. Entry into previously uninhabited regions;

2. Changes in and insect are biology;

3. Extensive monocultures of crop plants;

4. Advantages of biological control;

5. Problems of biological control.

本章重点难点:

Exercise 6:The Strategy of insect Pest Management.

第十七章 Chemical Pesticides and Natural Pesticides(讲课2学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Chemistry of pesticides;

2. Chemical classes of insecticides;

3. Bio-pesticides;

4. Botanical pesticides.

教学要求:

1. Bio-pesticides

2. Botanical pesticides

本章重点、难点:

1. Natural pesticides; Bio-pesticides.

第十八章 Toxicology of Pesticide (讲课2学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Cholinesterases;

2. The mode of action of glyphosate;

3. Experimental design of bioassays;

4. Resistance to pesticides.

教学要求:

1. Chemical classes of pesticide;

2. Mechanism of pesticide;

3. Bioassays methods.

本章重点、难点:

1. Mechanism of pesticide;

2. Bioassays methods.

第十九章 Pesticide Residues(讲课3学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Formulations and application of pesticide;

2. Pesticide residues in food and international trade;

3. Analytical methods of the pesticide residues.

教学要求:

1. Delivery of pesticides in agriculture and pesticide management in China;

2. Analysis method of the pesticide residues.

本章重点、难点:

1. Methods of the pesticide residues analysis.

第二十章 Pesticide Environment Safety and Human Health (讲课3学时;实验0学时)

教学内容:

1. Environmental fate of pesticides;

2. How and why pesticides affect human health.

教学要求:

1. Environmental fate of pesticides;

2. Pesticide safety evaluation.

本章重点、难点:

1. Environmental fate of pesticides;

2. Methods of pesticide safety evaluation.

四、考核方式及成绩评定

本课程的成绩将由平时成绩(考勤、课堂提问)、作业和期末考试成绩三部分组成,其中平时成绩占50%、考试成绩占50%;期末考试采用闭卷笔试。

五、教材及参考书目

教材:《植物保护专业英语》,朱家颖主编,中国林业出版社,2012年,标准书号:ISBN978-7-5038-6508-4

参考书目:

1.《植物保护专业英语》,何月秋、尹新明主编,中国农业出版社,2008年,标准书号:ISBN 978-7-109-12032-7

2.《植物保护专业英语教程》,程立生、蔡笃程主编,中国农业出版社,2012年,标准书号:ISBN 978-7-109-16460-4

3.《农药专业英语》,骆焱平、符悦冠主编,化学工业出版社,2009 年,标准书号:ISBN 978-7-122-04413-6